This paper describes the application of various types of calorimeter to the performance evaluation of cement. In addition, the systematic quality control systems of cement by using of various types of calorimeter are proposed. This system is combined to apparatus for measurement of heat liberation at very early hydration, conduction calorimeter for early hydration of cement, sandwich type conduction calorimeter and adiabatic calorimeter for small samples. The very early hydration of cement is related to the fluidity of cement paste. The change of fluidity with elapsed time is related to the early hydration of cement contact with water for 60min. is based on the content of Ca₃Al₂O₆. The new type apparatus was developed for measurement of very early hydration of cement. Conduction calorimeter was used widely to check the retardation or irregular setting of cement. Sandwich type conduction calorimeter was developed for time-interval measurement of many samples. The evaluating test for adiabatic temperature rise in concrete is not adequate for daily quality control because it requires considerable labor. In order to establish a convenient method for the evaluation of adiabatic temperature rise using about 30 cm³ of mortar sample only, we produced an adiabatic calorimeter experimentally. The combination of various types of calorimeter to the performance evaluation of cement is useful for the quality control of cement with various by-products as raw materials.