Netsu Sokutei, 29 (5), p. 217, (2002)

解説

溶液の密度と圧縮率 - 分子の形と非等方的相互作用への一考察 -

Density and Sound Velocity Measurements of Mixtures - A Viewpoint of Molecular Shapes and Orientations Owing to Non-isotropic Interactions -

溶液の熱力学量に分子の形と非等方的相互作用は強い影響を与えている。過剰体積や過剰圧縮率等,特に体積に関係した量にその影響が現れる。Non-polar分子系でもpolar分子系でも分子packingや分子配向を通じて,分子の形が濃度不均一を助長している。Non-polar分子同士で形の異なる溶液,polarで球状あるいは鎖状分子とnon-polarな球状分子との溶液,およびpolarな分子同士の溶液において分子の形の与える影響について議論した。
Molecular shape and dipole moment causing non-isotropic interactions are very important for analyzing the mixing states of liquid mixture. They affect the curves of excess volume, excess isentropic and isothermal compressibilities, and the other excess properties through the molecular packing in both the mixtures and the pure liquids. Molecules far from a simple globule orient in unfavorable ways to make their volumes increase in mixtures and pure liquids, and flexible linear molecules squeeze into the room arisen from the packing of bulky molecules. Dipole moments on the molecules orient in the way restricted by various molecular shapes.